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Breastfeeding promotion refers to coordinated activities and policies to promote health among women, newborns and infants through breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months of life to achieve optimal health and development, followed by complementary foods while continuing breastfeeding for up to two years or beyond.〔World Health Organization. (Online Q&A: What is the recommended food for children in their very early years? ) Accessed 2 August 2011.〕 However, currently fewer than 40% of infants under six months of age are exclusively breastfed worldwide.〔World Health Organization. (World Breastfeeding Week: 1-7 August 2011. ) Accessed 2 August 2011.〕 Public health awareness events such as World Breastfeeding Week,〔(World Breastfeeding Week )〕 as well as training of health professionals and planning,〔European Commission. (''Protection, promotion and support of breastfeeding in Europe: a blueprint for action''. ) Luxembourg, 2004.〕 aim to increase this number. ==Significance of breastfeeding promotion in the United States== Breastfeeding promotion is a movement that came about in the twentieth century in response to high rates of bottle-feeding among mothers, and in recognition of the many health benefits to both mothers and children that breastfeeding offers. While infant formula had been introduced in developed countries in the 1920s as a healthy way to feed one's children, the emergence of research on health benefits of breastfeeding precipitated the beginning of the breastfeeding promotion movement in the United States. In the 1950s, La Leche League meetings began.〔(A Brief History of La Leche League International. ) La Leche League International. Accessed 17 October 2013.〕 The United States began incorporating benefits specific to breastfeeding promotion into its Women, Infants, and Children program in 1972. In 1989, WIC state agencies began being required to spend funds targeted at breastfeeding support and promotion, including the provision of education materials in different languages and the purchase of breast pumps and other supplies.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.fns.usda.gov/wic/legislative-history-breastfeeding-promotion-requirements-wic )〕 In 1998, WIC state agencies were authorized to use funds earmarked for food to purchase breast pumps.〔 Each year, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention release a Breastfeeding Report Card, detailing breastfeeding rates and promotion programs nationally and in all fifty states. In 2013, 76.5% of US women had ever breastfed their children; 16.4% exclusively breastfed up to six months of age. The Healthy People 2020 target for exclusive breastfeeding at six months is 25.5%.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/2013BreastfeedingReportCard.pdf )〕 The proportion of infants who were breastfed exclusively or non-exclusively at six months was 35% in 2000 and increased to 49% by 2010.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「breastfeeding promotion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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